2000 ford explorer fuel pump replacement without drop

The gas gauge in the instrument cluster is the visual indication of activity in the fuel tank and sending unit. Most modern sending units are grounded to the electrical system, but some older cars were grounded to the body or frame. The gas gauge circuit connects the battery, sending unit, gas gauge, and ground. Other systems have opposite wiring (high fuel level corresponds to high resistance and low voltage) but nonetheless go through the same process.

The system thus outputs higher voltage at high fuel level, gradually dropping voltage as fuel level drops. Some systems are wired so that high fuel level contacts the low-resistance section, gradually increasing resistance as fuel level drops. The fuel float contacts run on a potentiometer, or variable resistor, whose resistance changes depending on float level, effecting a change in output voltage. Input voltage, typically from the ignition circuit, is modified by the fuel sender.

The sending unit is usually part of the Fuel Pump Module: a combination of parts that includes the fuel pump, fuel strainer, fuel filter, and fuel float. A fault in one or more of these parts will lead to gas gauge failure. The gas gauge system can be broken down into three basic parts: gauge, sender, and circuit. This cutaway fuel tank shows where the fuel sending unit is located.

2000 ford explorer fuel pump replacement without drop